{"id":1663,"date":"2024-02-10T15:12:15","date_gmt":"2024-02-10T15:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/piata-de-producere-a-bioenergiei\/"},"modified":"2024-02-10T21:21:14","modified_gmt":"2024-02-10T21:21:14","slug":"biotoplivo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/biotoplivo\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-image-fill\" style=\"grid-template-columns:auto 33%\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biocombustibili<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Republica Moldova a \u00eenregistrat un salt \u00een reducerea dependen\u0163ei energetice fa\u0163\u0103 de furnizorii externi de gaze \u015fi c\u0103rbune. \u00cen perioada 2011-2016, consumul de energie produs\u0103 \u00een R. Moldova, din surse regenerabile, a atins cota de 13%, cea mai mare pondere \u2013 de 12 % \u2013 revenind energiei din biomas\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pia\u021ba combustibilului din biomas\u0103 solid\u0103 este \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een formare. \u00cens\u0103, conform unui sondaj, efectuat de IDIS Viitorul \u0219i CIVIS, peste 77% din consumatorii din Republica Moldova sunt dispu\u0219i s\u0103 procure \u0219i s\u0103 utilizeze combustibil din biomas\u0103 solid\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/strohpelletierung.jpg);background-position:50% 50%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"545\" src=\"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/strohpelletierung.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1509 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/strohpelletierung.jpg 940w, https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/strohpelletierung-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/strohpelletierung-768x445.jpg 768w, https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/strohpelletierung-862x500.jpg 862w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Puterea de ardere a biocombustibilului \u015fi, respectiv, <\/strong><br><strong>pre\u0163ul acestuia variaz\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de sursa de biomas\u0103 din care este produs:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table alignleft is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\"><strong>Brichete\/pelete cu umiditate de maxim 10%<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Putere caloric\u0103 brut\u0103 (Mj\/kg)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Coji de nuc\u0103<\/td><td>20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Coji de floarea soarelui<\/td><td>19<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Rumegu\u015f de lemn<\/td><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Paie<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen anul 2011, p\u0103rea c\u0103 principalul gen de biocombustibil ce poate fi utilizat \u00een institu\u021biile publice sunt baloturile de paie. \u00centre timp, \u00eens\u0103, odat\u0103 cu dezvoltarea \u0219i transferul tehnologiilor de producere din sectorul bioenergetic, pia\u021ba s-a reorientat c\u0103tre utilizarea brichetelor \u0219i peletelor, care, fiind folosite \u00een cazane automatizate, asigur\u0103 utilizatorilor un confort mai ridicat. Astfel, din totalul de centrale termice finan\u021bate de Proiectul Energie \u0219i Biomas\u0103, 15% sunt pe baz\u0103 de baloturi de paie, iar 85% utilizeaz\u0103 brichete \u0219i pelete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen condi\u021bii casnice, cele mai comode tipuri de combustibil din biomas\u0103 solid\u0103 sunt peletele \u0219i brichetele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group group-bg\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Brichete<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva tehnologii de brichetare, \u00een func\u021bie de care brichetele ob\u021binute arat\u0103 \u0219i au propriet\u0103\u021bi diferite. Cele trei tehnologii de brichetare bine cunoscute sunt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th><\/th><th><strong>Denumirea tehnologiei<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>&nbsp;Presa de brichetat<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Descrierea tehnologiei<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"273\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/nestro.jpg\" alt=\"nestro\"><\/td><td>Tehnologia Nestro<\/td><td>Prese mecanice de brichetare cu piston<\/td><td>Materia prim\u0103 este comprimat\u0103 la presiuni mari \u00een canaul unei matri\u0163e prin intermediul unui piston<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/ruf-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/ruf.png 315w\" src=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/ruf-300x160.png\" alt=\"ruf\"><\/td><td>&nbsp;Tehnologia Ruf<\/td><td>Prese hidraulice de brichetat cu piston<\/td><td>Pistonul este pus \u00een func\u0163iune de un motor electric prin intermediul unui sistem hidraulic cu ulei de presiune \u00eenalt\u0103<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"266\" height=\"216\" src=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/pinikay.jpg\" alt=\"pinikay\"><\/td><td>Tehnologia Piny Kay<\/td><td>Prese cu melc<\/td><td>Biomasa este presat\u0103 continuu prin canalele matricei prin intermediul unui sistem de transport cu melc<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group group-bg\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pelete<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Peletele pot fi utilizate \u00een cazane automatizate, cu randament \u00eenalt \u0219i care trebuie re\u00eenc\u0103rcate odat\u0103 la c\u00e2teva zile. Aceast\u0103 tehnologie este mai comod\u0103 pentru consumatori, iar cazanele sunt mai eficiente. Din aceast\u0103 cauz\u0103, dar \u0219i pentru c\u0103 producerea peletelor presupune costuri mai mari, ace\u0219tia sunt mai scumpi dec\u00e2t brichetele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-image-fill\" style=\"grid-template-columns:auto 30%\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Diferen\u021bele \u00een pre\u021b depind de natura materiei prime, peletele din rumegu\u0219 de lemn fiind cele mai scumpe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diferen\u021ba de pre\u021b \u00eentre brichete \u0219i pelete este determinat\u0103 de costul investi\u021biei precum \u0219i costurile opera\u021bionale mai ridicate \u00een cazul peletiz\u0103rii biomasei.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>De asemenea pre\u021bul mai ridicat al peletelor este determinat \u0219i de gradul de automatizare la ardere sporit comparativ cu brichetele<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/pelete.jpg);background-position:50% 50%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/pelete.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1537 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/pelete.jpg 512w, https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/pelete-300x204.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group group-bg\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Baloturi de paie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Paiele utilizate \u00een calitate de combustibil dispun de un con\u0163inut de umiditate de aprox. 14-20% din masa ini\u0163ial\u0103, cu o c\u0103ldur\u0103 de ardere inferioar\u0103 de aprox. 13-15 MJ\/kg, ceea ce constituie aproape aceea\u0219i valoare caloric\u0103 precum a lemnului sau jum\u0103tate din cea a c\u0103rbunelui. Pentru comoditatea transport\u0103rii \u0219i depozit\u0103rii, paiele sunt culese \u00een baloturi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><\/td><td><strong>Descrierea tehnologiei<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Descrierea balotului<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/baloti-lucernannhh-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"balot_rectanghiular\" style=\"\"><a href=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/baloti-lucernannhh.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td>Presare \u00een baloturi cilindrici<\/td><td>\u00cen\u0103l\u021bime de 120 cm \u015fi un diametru de 150 cm. Greutatea unui astfel de balot este de circa 244 kg, cu o densitate de aproximativ de 110 kg\/m3.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" src=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/balot_rectanghiular.jpg\" alt=\"balot_rectanghiular\"><a href=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/baloti-lucernannhh.jpg\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/baloti-lucernannhh.jpg\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/baloti-lucernannhh.jpg\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/balot_rectanghiular.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td>Presare \u00een baloturi rectangulari de dimensiuni mici<\/td><td>Dimensiuni de 46\u00d736 cm \u015fi &nbsp;lungime de 80 cm. Greutatea balotului produs este de aproximativ 12-15 kg, cu o densitate de 90-100 kg\/m3.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"208\" src=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/balot_rectanghiular_mare.jpg\" alt=\"balot_rectanghiular_mare\"><a href=\"http:\/\/biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/balot_rectanghiular_mare.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td>Presare \u00een baloturi rectangulari de dimensiuni mari<\/td><td>Dimensiuni de 120\u00d7130 cm, cu o lungime de 240 cm Densitatea medie a acestui tip de balot este de 139 kg\/m3, cu o greutate medie de 523 kg.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Alegerea biocombustibilului calitativ \u015fi adecvat tipului de cazan pe biomas\u0103 sunt precondi\u0163ii cheie pentru func\u0163ionarea eficient\u0103 a centralelor termice pe biomas\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-left wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Lista-producatorilor-biocombustibil-RO.pdf\">Lista produc\u0103torilor de biocombustibil<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tell-alert grey\">Pentru informa\u0163ii suplimentare contacta\u0163i: Tel: 022 83-99-82<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biocombustibili Republica Moldova a \u00eenregistrat un salt \u00een reducerea dependen\u0163ei energetice fa\u0163\u0103 de furnizorii externi de gaze \u015fi c\u0103rbune. \u00cen perioada 2011-2016, consumul de energie produs\u0103 \u00een R. Moldova, din surse regenerabile, a atins cota de 13%, cea mai mare pondere \u2013 de 12 % \u2013 revenind energiei din biomas\u0103. Pia\u021ba combustibilului din biomas\u0103 solid\u0103 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_rtcl_gb_attr":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1663","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"rdtheme-size1":false,"rdtheme-size2":false,"rdtheme-size3":false,"rtcl-gallery":false,"rtcl-thumbnail":false,"rtcl-gallery-thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Gheorghe","author_link":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/author\/gh-zalinschi\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Biocombustibili Republica Moldova a \u00eenregistrat un salt \u00een reducerea dependen\u0163ei energetice fa\u0163\u0103 de furnizorii externi de gaze \u015fi c\u0103rbune. \u00cen perioada 2011-2016, consumul de energie produs\u0103 \u00een R. Moldova, din surse regenerabile, a atins cota de 13%, cea mai mare pondere \u2013 de 12 % \u2013 revenind energiei din biomas\u0103. Pia\u021ba combustibilului din biomas\u0103 solid\u0103&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1663"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1663"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1663\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/piata-biomasa.md\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}